Indigenous resistance forces Malaysia to scale back twelve dam megaproject

A Malaysian state min­is­ter Fri­day said the gov­ern­ment would not push ahead with build­ing a dozen new dams on Bor­neo island, acknowl­edg­ing they have caused out­rage from local tribes and envi­ron­men­tal­ists.

A Malaysian state min­is­ter Fri­day said the gov­ern­ment would not push ahead with build­ing a dozen new dams on Bor­neo island, acknowl­edg­ing they have caused out­rage from local tribes and envi­ron­men­tal­ists.

The pro­pos­als sparked fears that the dams would destroy pris­tine rain­forests, endan­ger wildlife, and dis­place natives in Sarawak, a Malaysian state crossed by pow­er­ful rivers with rich jun­gle habi­tats.

“It is not a firm plan to build 12 dams. I don’t think we will need that. We will only need four,” James Mas­ing, Sarawak’s state min­is­ter of land devel­op­ment, told AFP in an inter­view.

Mas­ing said the gov­ern­ment was back­ing off in response to wide­spread crit­i­cism. Protests over the years have seen activists and locals stag­ing block­ades of roads into dam areas.

“I’m pleased that this type of thing (protests) takes place. Not all that we do is cor­rect, and this shows we need to refine our plans and think again,” he said.

The now-com­plete Bakun mega-dam, which is not part of the new dam pro­pos­al, has already been dogged for years by claims of cor­rup­tion in con­struc­tion con­tracts, the flood­ing of a huge swathe of rain­for­est and the dis­place­ment of thou­sands of tribes­peo­ple.

Despite that, the gov­ern­ment moot­ed con­struct­ing more dams as part of an indus­tri­al devel­op­ment dri­ve to boost the resource-rich state’s back­ward econ­o­my.

Anoth­er dam at Murum, also deep in the inte­ri­or, is near­ing com­ple­tion and two oth­ers are in the plan­ning stages as part of the new pro­pos­al.

Togeth­er the four dams — at Bakun, Murum, Baleh and Baram — are already expect­ed to put out near­ly 6,000 megawatts of pow­er, six times what Sarawak cur­rent­ly uses, Mas­ing said.

“The protests are becom­ing more vocal on the ground so (the dam rethink) is a very good devel­op­ment for me,” said Peter Kallang, mem­ber of a Sarawak tribe and chair­man of SAVE Rivers, an NGO that has cam­paigned against the dams.

How­ev­er, he said plans for the Baram and Baleh dams should be scrapped as well, not­ing that the Baram dam would dis­place about 20,000 peo­ple, com­pared to about 10,000 at Bakun, and destroy irre­place­able for­est.

He said SAVE Rivers last month organ­ised a float­ing protest along the Baram riv­er that cruised down riv­er for three days and was met with sup­port along the way by local tribes­peo­ple.

Kallang and oth­er activists have also trav­elled abroad to lob­by against the dams, includ­ing meet­ing offi­cials of Hydro Tas­ma­nia, an Aus­tralian cor­po­ra­tion that advis­es the Sarawak gov­ern­ment on the dams.

The Tas­ma­nia gov­ern­ment cor­po­ra­tion pledged in Decem­ber after meet­ing the activists that it would pull its per­son­nel out of Sarawak by the end of 2013, Kallang said.

Sarawak’s tribes — eth­ni­cal­ly dis­tinct from Malaysia’s major­i­ty Malays — fear that they will lose their ances­tral lands and hunt­ing and bur­ial grounds, as the gov­ern­ment encour­ages them to make way for projects and move into new set­tle­ments.

Those are equipped with med­ical clin­ics, elec­tric­i­ty, and Inter­net access. But vil­lage elders and activists say alco­holism, drug use, and crime are on the increase and anger is ris­ing over con­tin­u­ing encroach­ment on native lands.

In one of the block­ades in 2011, Penan tribes­peo­ple blocked roads into their lands for a week to protest log­ging and alleged riv­er pol­lu­tion by Malaysian firm Inter­hill until the block­ade was dis­man­tled by author­i­ties.